The climate of Brazil
The climate of Brazil has a wide variety of climatic conditions in a large region with a varied topography, although it can be considered that most of the country has a tropical climate. According to the Köppen system, Brazil has six main subtypes climate: equatorial, tropical, semi-arid, tropical of altitude, temperate and subtropical. The different climatic conditions produce environments that vary from the tropical forest in the north and the semi-arid regions of the northeast, to the temperate coniferous forest in the south and the tropical savannas of the center, many other regions have totally different microclimates.
The equatorial climate dominates much of northern Brazil. There is no dry season as such, although there are some variations in the amount of rainfall between each period of the year.The average temperature is 25 ° C, which has a greater variation between day and night than between seasons . The rains in central Brazil are scarce, characteristic of a savanna climate. This region is as extensive as the Amazon basin but with a very different climate, since it is located more to the south and at a lower altitude. In the northeast, the difference in rainfall between the seasons is even more extreme, since this region of semi-arid climate generally receives less than 800 mm rainfall, most of which falls in a period that covers only three to five months each year and, when there is less rain, there are long periods of drought. The "Great Drought" of 1877-1878 was the most severe in the country and caused the death of nearly half a million people.
To the south of Bahia, starting from São Paulo, the distribution of rainfall changes, with rainfall occuring throughout the year, while the south and southeast regions have temperate climate conditions, with cool winters and a temperature annual average that does not exceed 18 ° C, winter frosts are quite common, as well as the occasional fall of snow in areas of higher altitude.
The equatorial climate dominates much of northern Brazil. There is no dry season as such, although there are some variations in the amount of rainfall between each period of the year.The average temperature is 25 ° C, which has a greater variation between day and night than between seasons . The rains in central Brazil are scarce, characteristic of a savanna climate. This region is as extensive as the Amazon basin but with a very different climate, since it is located more to the south and at a lower altitude. In the northeast, the difference in rainfall between the seasons is even more extreme, since this region of semi-arid climate generally receives less than 800 mm rainfall, most of which falls in a period that covers only three to five months each year and, when there is less rain, there are long periods of drought. The "Great Drought" of 1877-1878 was the most severe in the country and caused the death of nearly half a million people.
To the south of Bahia, starting from São Paulo, the distribution of rainfall changes, with rainfall occuring throughout the year, while the south and southeast regions have temperate climate conditions, with cool winters and a temperature annual average that does not exceed 18 ° C, winter frosts are quite common, as well as the occasional fall of snow in areas of higher altitude.