{"id":48844,"date":"2024-07-21T23:42:53","date_gmt":"2024-07-21T23:42:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/?post_type=ficha&#038;p=48844"},"modified":"2024-07-21T23:46:37","modified_gmt":"2024-07-21T23:46:37","slug":"carte-geologique-du-malawi","status":"publish","type":"ficha","link":"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/fichier\/carte-geologique-du-malawi\/","title":{"rendered":"Carte g\u00e9ologique du Malawi"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><label style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Carte g\u00e9ologique du Malawi.<\/label><\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u00e9ologie du Malawi<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>La g\u00e9ologie du Malawi s&#8217;est form\u00e9e sur un socle rocheux cristallin extr\u00eamement ancien, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 m\u00e9tamorphis\u00e9 et envahi par des roches ign\u00e9es au cours de plusieurs \u00e9v\u00e9nements d&#8217;orogen\u00e8se de formation de montagnes au cours du dernier milliard d&#8217;ann\u00e9es. Les roches du supergroupe du Karoo et les unit\u00e9s s\u00e9dimentaires plus r\u00e9centes d\u00e9pos\u00e9es dans une grande partie du Malawi au cours des 251 derniers millions d&#8217;ann\u00e9es, en relation avec un grand bassin de rift sur le supercontinent Gondwana et le rifting plus r\u00e9cent qui a cr\u00e9\u00e9 le rift est-africain, qui retient le lac Malawi. Le pays poss\u00e8de d&#8217;importantes r\u00e9serves min\u00e9rales, dont beaucoup sont mal connues ou non exploit\u00e9es, notamment le charbon, la vermiculite, les \u00e9l\u00e9ments des terres rares et la bauxite.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Stratigraphie et histoire g\u00e9ologique<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les roches les plus anciennes du Malawi sont des roches cristallines m\u00e9tamorphiques du sud qui se sont form\u00e9es il y a pr\u00e8s de deux milliards d&#8217;ann\u00e9es. Les roches les plus anciennes pourraient provenir de s\u00e9diments marins et de roches ign\u00e9es, en raison de la pr\u00e9sence de marbre. L&#8217;orogen\u00e8se Rusizi-Ubendia, un \u00e9v\u00e9nement de formation de montagnes il y a 1,8 milliard d&#8217;ann\u00e9es au Pal\u00e9oprot\u00e9rozo\u00efque, a d\u00e9form\u00e9 et m\u00e9tamorphos\u00e9 les roches du nord du pays, affectant une grande partie de ce qui est aujourd&#8217;hui l&#8217;Afrique centrale, notamment le sud de la Tanzanie, le nord de la Zambie, le Burundi, le Rwanda et la R\u00e9publique D\u00e9mocratique du Congo.<\/p>\n<p>La r\u00e9gion affect\u00e9e par l&#8217;orogen\u00e8se du Mozambique s&#8217;est peut-\u00eatre \u00e9tendue au sud jusqu&#8217;\u00e0 la ceinture orog\u00e9nique du Limpopo en Afrique du Sud, mais l&#8217;activit\u00e9 tectonique ult\u00e9rieure a effac\u00e9 les traces dans la roche.<\/p>\n<p><strong>G\u00e9ologie des ressources naturelles<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Le Malawi poss\u00e8de d&#8217;importantes r\u00e9serves min\u00e9rales, mais la plupart sont sous-exploit\u00e9es. La carbonatite de Songwe et la carbonatite de Kangankunde, pr\u00e8s de Mulanje et de Ntcheu respectivement, contiennent chacune des \u00e9l\u00e9ments de terres rares ainsi que du pyrochlore, de la barytine, de l&#8217;apatite et de la strontianite. \u00c0 soixante-quinze kilom\u00e8tres \u00e0 l&#8217;ouest de Blantyre se trouve un gisement d&#8217;uranium \u00e0 Thambani. Mpatamanga, dans la m\u00eame zone, poss\u00e8de des gisements de vermiculite commercialement viables.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>G\u00e9ologie du Malawi. La g\u00e9ologie du Malawi s&#8217;est form\u00e9e sur un socle rocheux cristallin extr&#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":48845,"template":"","categoria_ficha":[216],"class_list":["post-48844","ficha","type-ficha","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","categoria_ficha-cartes-du-malawi"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Carte g\u00e9ologique du Malawi - Gifex<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/fichier\/carte-geologique-du-malawi\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Carte g\u00e9ologique du Malawi - Gifex\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"G\u00e9ologie du Malawi. 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