{"id":401,"date":"2022-02-04T00:11:25","date_gmt":"2022-02-04T00:11:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/?post_type=ficha&#038;p=401"},"modified":"2024-12-15T19:36:43","modified_gmt":"2024-12-15T19:36:43","slug":"carte-du-guatemala","status":"publish","type":"ficha","link":"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/fichier\/carte-du-guatemala\/","title":{"rendered":"Carte du Guatemala"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Carte du Guatemala <a href=\"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Carte-du-Guatemala.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(format pdf)<\/a><\/strong>, officiellement la R\u00e9publique du Guatemala, pays d&#8217;Am\u00e9rique centrale bord\u00e9 au nord et \u00e0 l&#8217;ouest par le Mexique, le Belize et les Cara\u00efbes au nord-est, le Honduras \u00e0 l&#8217;est, le Salvador au sud-est et l&#8217;oc\u00e9an Pacifique au sud. Avec une population estim\u00e9e \u00e0 environ 17,1 millions d&#8217;habitants, c&#8217;est le pays le plus peupl\u00e9 d&#8217;Am\u00e9rique centrale et le 11<sup>e<\/sup> pays le plus peupl\u00e9 des Am\u00e9riques. Le Guatemala est une d\u00e9mocratie repr\u00e9sentative ; sa capitale et sa plus grande ville est Nueva Guatemala de la Asunci\u00f3n, \u00e9galement connue sous le nom de Guatemala City, la plus grande ville d&#8217;Am\u00e9rique centrale.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_55686\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-55686\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Image-satellite-du-Guatemala.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-55686\" title=\"Image satellite du Guatemala.\" src=\"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Image-satellite-du-Guatemala-300x282.jpg\" alt=\"Image satellite du Guatemala.\" width=\"360\" height=\"338\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Image-satellite-du-Guatemala-300x282.jpg 300w, https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Image-satellite-du-Guatemala-1024x962.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Image-satellite-du-Guatemala-768x721.jpg 768w, https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Image-satellite-du-Guatemala-1536x1443.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Image-satellite-du-Guatemala-2048x1924.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Image-satellite-du-Guatemala-1600x1503.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-55686\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><label style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Image satellite du Guatemala <a href=\"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Image-satellite-du-Guatemala.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(pdf)<\/a>.<\/label><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li>Superficie totale du Guatemala 108,889 km\u00b2<\/li>\n<li>En 2021 la population du Guatemala \u00e9tait de 17,109,746<\/li>\n<li>La capitale du pays est la ville de Guatemala<\/li>\n<li>Les plus grandes villes du Guatemala sont: Guatemala, Mixco, Villa Nueva, Quetzaltenango.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Le noyau de la civilisation maya, qui s&#8217;\u00e9tendait \u00e0 travers la M\u00e9soam\u00e9rique, \u00e9tait historiquement bas\u00e9 sur le territoire du Guatemala moderne. Au XVI<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, la majeure partie de cette r\u00e9gion a \u00e9t\u00e9 conquise par les Espagnols et revendiqu\u00e9e comme faisant partie de la vice-royaut\u00e9 de la Nouvelle-Espagne.<\/p>\n<p>Le Guatemala a obtenu son ind\u00e9pendance en 1821 de l&#8217;Espagne et du Mexique. En 1823, le Guatemala est devenu une partie de la R\u00e9publique f\u00e9d\u00e9rale d&#8217;Am\u00e9rique centrale, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 dissoute en 1841. Du milieu \u00e0 la fin du XIX<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, le Guatemala a connu une instabilit\u00e9 chronique et des troubles civils. \u00c0 partir du d\u00e9but du XX<sup>e<\/sup> si\u00e8cle, elle \u00e9tait dirig\u00e9e par une s\u00e9rie de dictateurs soutenus par la United Fruit Company et le gouvernement des \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_55688\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-55688\" style=\"width: 360px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Carte-du-Guatemala-de-1920.webp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-55688\" title=\"Carte du Guatemala de 1920.\" src=\"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Carte-du-Guatemala-de-1920-294x300.webp\" alt=\"Carte du Guatemala de 1920.\" width=\"360\" height=\"367\" srcset=\"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Carte-du-Guatemala-de-1920-294x300.webp 294w, https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Carte-du-Guatemala-de-1920-1004x1024.webp 1004w, https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Carte-du-Guatemala-de-1920-768x783.webp 768w, https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Carte-du-Guatemala-de-1920-1506x1536.webp 1506w, https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Carte-du-Guatemala-de-1920-300x306.webp 300w, https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Carte-du-Guatemala-de-1920-1569x1600.webp 1569w, https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Carte-du-Guatemala-de-1920.webp 2008w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 360px) 100vw, 360px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-55688\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><label style=\"font-size: 15px;\">Carte du Guatemala de 1920 <a href=\"https:\/\/gifex.com\/fr\/wp-content\/uploads\/401\/Carte-du-Guatemala-de-1920.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">(pdf)<\/a>.<\/label><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>En 1944, le leader autoritaire Jorge Ubico a \u00e9t\u00e9 renvers\u00e9 par un coup d&#8217;\u00c9tat militaire pro-d\u00e9mocratique, lan\u00e7ant une r\u00e9volution d&#8217;une d\u00e9cennie qui a conduit \u00e0 des r\u00e9formes sociales et \u00e9conomiques radicales. Un coup d&#8217;\u00c9tat militaire soutenu par les \u00c9tats-Unis en 1954 a mis fin \u00e0 la r\u00e9volution et install\u00e9 une dictature.<\/p>\n<p>De 1960 \u00e0 1996, le Guatemala a subi une guerre civile sanglante entre le gouvernement soutenu par les \u00c9tats-Unis et les rebelles de gauche, notamment des massacres g\u00e9nocidaires de la population maya perp\u00e9tr\u00e9s par l&#8217;arm\u00e9e. Depuis un accord de paix n\u00e9goci\u00e9 par les Nations Unies, le Guatemala a connu \u00e0 la fois une croissance \u00e9conomique et des \u00e9lections d\u00e9mocratiques r\u00e9ussies, bien qu&#8217;il continue de lutter contre des taux \u00e9lev\u00e9s de pauvret\u00e9 et de criminalit\u00e9, de cartels de la drogue et d&#8217;instabilit\u00e9. En 2014, le Guatemala se classait au 31<sup>e<\/sup> rang des 33 pays d&#8217;Am\u00e9rique latine et des Cara\u00efbes en termes d&#8217;indice de d\u00e9veloppement humain.<\/p>\n<p>L&#8217;abondance d&#8217;\u00e9cosyst\u00e8mes uniques et biologiquement importants du Guatemala comprend de nombreuses esp\u00e8ces end\u00e9miques et contribue \u00e0 la d\u00e9signation de la M\u00e9soam\u00e9rique comme un point chaud de la biodiversit\u00e9.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Carte du Guatemala (format pdf), officiellement la R\u00e9publique du Guatemala, pays d&#8217;Am\u00e9rique centrale bord\u00e9 au nord et \u00e0 l&#8217;ouest par le Mexique, le Belize et &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":55698,"template":"","categoria_ficha":[60],"class_list":["post-401","ficha","type-ficha","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","categoria_ficha-cartes-du-guatemala"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - 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